Insulin Sensitivity

February 4, 2025
Published
Last updated
February 27, 2025
Sophie's Key takeaways
  1. Insulin Sensitivity refers to how effectively the body’s cells respond to insulin, helping regulate blood sugar and metabolism.
  2. Poor Insulin Sensitivity (insulin resistance) can lead to weight gain, fatigue, and an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. Lifestyle changes can improve it.

Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that enables cells to absorb and use glucose (sugar) from the bloodstream. Insulin sensitivity refers to how well the body’s cells respond to insulin. High insulin sensitivity means the body can efficiently regulate blood sugar, while low insulin sensitivity—also known as insulin resistance—can lead to metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes.

Improving insulin sensitivity through diet, exercise, and lifestyle changes is key to maintaining long-term metabolic health and preventing chronic diseases.

What Is Insulin Sensitivity?

When you eat carbohydrates, your body breaks them down into glucose. From the gut, these then enter the bloodstream. Simultaneously, the pancreas releases insulin, to help transport glucose into the cells for energy. High insulin sensitivity means the body efficiently absorbs and uses glucose, preventing excess sugar from accumulating in the blood.

Conversely, low insulin sensitivity (insulin resistance) means the cells don’t respond effectively to insulin, causing the pancreas to produce more insulin to compensate. Over time, this can lead to high blood sugar levels, weight gain, and an increased risk of type 2 diabetes.

Signs of Poor Insulin Sensitivity

Low insulin sensitivity can manifest in several ways, including:

  1. Frequent Fatigue – Difficulty maintaining energy levels throughout the day.
  2. Increased Hunger & Cravings – Unstable blood sugar levels can lead to constant hunger.
  3. Weight Gain, Especially Around the Abdomen – Excess insulin promotes fat storage.
  4. Difficulty Losing Weight – The body struggles to use stored fat for energy.
  5. High Blood Sugar Levels – Often detected through routine blood tests.

Recognising these signs early can help prevent long-term health issues

Causes of Low Insulin Sensitivity

Several factors can contribute to insulin resistance, including:

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How to Improve Insulin Sensitivity Naturally

  1. Follow a Balanced Diet – Eat fibre-rich foods, lean proteins, and healthy fats to regulate blood sugar.
  2. Exercise Regularly – Strength training and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) improve insulin function.
  3. Reduce Sugar & Processed Foods – Excess sugar spikes insulin levels and promotes resistance.
  4. Get Quality Sleep – Aim for 7-9 hours of sleep to support metabolic health.
  5. Manage Stress – Practice mindfulness, meditation, and deep breathing to lower cortisol levels.
Conclusion

Insulin sensitivity is essential for maintaining healthy blood sugar levels, metabolism, and overall well-being. Poor insulin sensitivity can lead to weight gain and chronic diseases, but with appropriate healthy lifestyle changes—such as a nutritious diet, regular exercise, and stress management—you can improve insulin function and support long-term health.

Related Terms

  1. Insulin Resistance – A condition where cells don’t respond well to insulin, leading to high blood sugar.
  2. Glucose Metabolism – The process of breaking down sugars for energy.
  3. Metabolic Syndrome – A group of conditions, including high blood sugar and obesity, that increase the risk of heart disease and diabetes.

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